The small intestinal mucosa and its stem cells
Vol. 5 No. 2 (2016), Articles
Vol. 5 No. 2 (2016)

The small intestinal mucosa and its stem cells

Articles
https://doi.org/10.7363/050224
Published 2016-08-18
Rossano Ambu
Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Pathology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
Clara Gerosa
Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Pathology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
Giorgia Locci
Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Pathology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
Eleonora Obinu
Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Pathology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
Alberto Ravarino
Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Pathology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
Anna De Magistris
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Neonatal Pathology, Puericulture Institute and Neonatal Section, AOU and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
Alessandra Reali
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Neonatal Pathology, Puericulture Institute and Neonatal Section, AOU and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
Peter Van Eyken
Department of Pathology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
Gavino Faa
Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Pathology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
Silvia Nati
Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Pathology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
Laura Vinci
Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Pathology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Keywords

small intestinal mucosa
embryogenesis
crypt-villus axis
stem cells
signaling pathways
regenerative medicine

How to Cite

Ambu, R., Gerosa, C., Locci, G., Obinu, E., Ravarino, A., De Magistris, A., Reali, A., Van Eyken, P., Faa, G., Nati, S., & Vinci, L. (2016). The small intestinal mucosa and its stem cells. Journal of Pediatric and Neonatal Individualized Medicine (JPNIM), 5(2), e050224. https://doi.org/10.7363/050224
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Abstract

In the first part of this review a brief summary of the embryology and histology of the gastrointestinal tract is provided. In the second part intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are discussed. Several signaling pathways play a crucial role in the crypt base in the regulation of ISC proliferation and self-renewal; Wnt, Notch, BMP, Ephrin, JAK/STAT1, PTEN, AKT, PI3K and many more. Numerous investigators are involved in studying the location, number, and behavior of ISCs within the base of the intestinal crypts. Several markers are espressed by ISCs. Among these, Leucine-rich-repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor-5 (Lgr5), Sox9, Prominin-1, DCAMKL-1, EphB2, p-PTEN, p-AKT, Fgfr3, m-TER, and CD44. Stem cell therapy has shown promise for the treatment of some diseases characterized by tissue damage with ischemic and inflammatory lesions like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).

Proceedings of the 2nd International Course on Perinatal Pathology (part of the 11th International Workshop on Neonatology · October 26th-31st, 2015) · Cagliari (Italy) · October 31st, 2015 · Stem cells: present and future
Guest Editors: Gavino Faa, Vassilios Fanos, Antonio Giordano

https://doi.org/10.7363/050224
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