https://jpnim.com/index.php/jpnim/issue/feed 2025-10-28T17:11:15+01:00 JPNIM Staff journal@jpnim.com Open Journal Systems <p>The <strong>Journal of Pediatric and Neonatal Individualized Medicine (JPNIM)</strong> is a peer-reviewed interdisciplinary journal which provides a forum on new perspectives in pediatric and neonatal medicine. The aim is to discuss and to bring readers up to date on the latest in research and clinical pediatrics and neonatology. Special emphasis is on developmental origin of health and disease or perinatal programming and on the so-called ‘-omic’ sciences. Systems medicine blazes a revolutionary trail from reductionist to holistic medicine, from descriptive medicine to predictive medicine, from an epidemiological perspective to a personalized approach. The journal will be relevance to clinicians and researchers concerned with personalized care for the newborn and child. Also medical humanities will be considered in a tailored way.</p> <p>Article submission (original research, review papers, invited editorials and clinical cases) will be considered in the following fields: fetal medicine, perinatology, neonatology, pediatrics, developmental programming, psychology and medical humanities.</p> https://jpnim.com/index.php/jpnim/article/view/e140217 2025-10-28T17:11:15+01:00 Alice Bosco alicebosco88@gmail.com Angelica Dessì angelicadessi@unica.it Sara Giorri saragiorri2015@gmail.com

<p>The growing expansion of modern high-throughput technologies has paved the way for precision medicine, which aims to stratify patients, personalize therapeutic indications, and potentially prevent long-term consequences.</p> <p>In this context, the presence of the patent foramen ovale (PFO) is reinterpreted, shifting from a benign anatomical variant to a possible indicator of cardiovascular and neurological vulnerability. </p> <p>The concept of perinatal programming offers an interpretative model for understanding how early environmental and biological conditions can modulate cardiovascular adaptation and predisposition to neurological disorders, such as migraine with aura (MWA). Numerous studies have shown a higher prevalence of PFO in patients with MWA, although only some patients benefit from percutaneous closure. </p> <p>This led to the creation of the MANET project (<span class="s1">NRRP</span>-MAD-2022-12376277), a pioneering model of precision medicine, in which the analysis of the metabolic profile of patients with MWA undergoing percutaneous PFO closure and the subsequent integration of platelet and endothelial data will be aimed at constructing a combined model of biomarkers capable of guiding the selection of patients with MWA who are potential beneficiaries of PFO closure, optimizing the therapeutic approach. These multidisciplinary and multicenter research projects represent an ideal lab for facilitating the transition from a vision focused exclusively on the morphology of atrial septal defects to a broader perspective that links developmental biology to neurological manifestations in adults.</p>

2025-10-28T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2025 © Hygeia Press https://jpnim.com/index.php/jpnim/article/view/e140206 2025-08-11T17:36:09+02:00 Antonio Ragusa antonio.ragusa@gmail.com Vassilios Fanos vafanos@jpnim.com

<p class="p1"><strong>Background: </strong>Microplastics (MPs, &lt; 5 mm) and nanoplastics (NPs, 1-1,000 nm) <span class="s1">– collectively referred to as MNPs –</span> have become pervasive environmental contaminants. Their potential accumulation in the human body, particularly in the brain, has raised significant health concerns.</p> <p class="p1"><strong>Objective:</strong> This review summarizes current evidence on the presence of MNPs in the brain, their potential routes of entry, mechanisms of action, and implications for neurological health.</p> <p class="p1"><strong>Methods:</strong> We performed a critical review of recent literature concerning MNP exposure, uptake pathways, distribution in human tissues, especially the brain, and their neurotoxic effects, with a focus on developmental vulnerability.</p> <p class="p1"><strong>Results:</strong> MNPs can reach the brain through ingestion, inhalation, and possibly via the bloodstream, crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) through mechanisms such as endocytosis, pinocytosis, or via immune cells. Animal studies suggest accumulation of MNPs in the brain induces oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and behavioral changes. Particularly concerning is the perinatal period, where multipotent stem cells in breast milk may act as vectors of MNPs and endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) into the neonatal brain.</p> <p class="p1"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> MNPs represent an emerging threat to neurodevelopmental health. Future research must clarify the long-term effects of MNP exposure, especially in early life, and identify potential strategies to mitigate their impact. The irony lies in the semantic shift: while “plasticity” once symbolized the brain’s capacity for change, “plastic” now threatens that very adaptability.</p>

2025-08-14T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright (c) 2025 © Hygeia Press https://jpnim.com/index.php/jpnim/article/view/e140204 2025-08-02T15:56:07+02:00 Maria Giuliano maria.giulianodoc@gmail.com Giuseppe Squazzini squazzo1957@gmail.com Nicola D’Amario nicoladamario@gmail.com Roberto Sassi sassirob@gmail.com Cristiano Rosafio cristisno.rosafio@gmail.com Luigi Bresciani luigibresciani96@gmail.com Giampiero Mele melegiampi@gmail.com Francesco De Luca frankde57@gmail.com Antonella De Vito leukasia@gmail.com Giuseppe Mele dr.g.mele@gmail.com

<p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>ENGLISH TEXT: </strong>Adolescence is a complex and change-filled transition phase, in which young people face challenges related not only to personal growth, but also to an increasingly pressing and hyperconnected social context. Often criticized by adults, adolescents hide a rich and vulnerable inner world that needs to be listened to rather than judged. They are no worse or better than previous generations, but they live in different times, which amplify their fragility and potential. In this scenario, pediatricians play a fundamental role in promoting physical and mental well-being, preventing distress, and supporting identity building. This awareness has led to the <em>SIMPEets Operational Manifesto – Pediatric action in adolescence</em>, promoted by SIMPEets (Italian Society of Pediatricians, Third Sector Organization, <em>Società Italiana Medici Pediatri, Ente del Terzo Settore</em>), which proposes 11 concrete actions to strengthen the role of pediatricians as active and present figures in the everyday lives of adolescents. Accompanying, rather than correcting, is the key to supporting adolescents toward a possible future.</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>ITALIAN TEXT: </strong>L’adolescenza è una fase di transizione complessa e ricca di cambiamenti, in cui i giovani affrontano sfide legate non solo alla crescita personale, ma anche a un contesto sociale sempre più pressante e iperconnesso. Spesso criticati dagli adulti, gli adolescenti celano un mondo interiore ricco e vulnerabile, che ha bisogno di ascolto più che di giudizio. Non sono peggiori o migliori delle generazioni passate, ma vivono tempi diversi, che amplificano fragilità e potenzialità. In questo scenario, il pediatra assume un ruolo fondamentale nel promuovere benessere fisico e mentale, prevenire il disagio e sostenere la costruzione dell’identità. Da questa consapevolezza nasce il manifesto operativo intitolato <em>SIMPEets Operational Manifesto – Pediatric action in adolescence</em>, promosso da SIMPEets (Società Italiana Medici Pediatri, Ente del Terzo Settore), che propone 11 azioni concrete per rafforzare il ruolo del pediatra come figura attiva e presente nei luoghi della quotidianità adolescenziale. Accompagnare, più che correggere, è la chiave per sostenere gli adolescenti verso un futuro possibile</span><span class="s2">.</span></p>

2025-08-02T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright (c) 2025 © Hygeia Press https://jpnim.com/index.php/jpnim/article/view/e140219 2025-10-24T18:05:21+02:00 --- Various Authors journal@jpnim.com

<p class="p1"><strong><span class="s1">Selected Lectures of the Conference “New Approaches and Technologies – From Fetus to Adult”; Cagliari (Italy); October 25^th, 2025</span></strong></p> <p class="p1"> </p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1">The Conference “New Approaches and Technologies – From Fetus to Adult” is a Satellite Meeting of the 21^st International Workshop on Neonatology and Pediatrics, Cagliari (Italy), October 22^nd-25^th, 2025.</span></p> <p class="p1"> </p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 1. NEW ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY (ART) TECHNIQUES TO INCREASE THE BIRTH RATE IN SARDINIA: MEDICAL-SOCIAL FREEZ­ING AND HETEROLOGOUS FERTILIZATION</strong> • G. Monni (Cagliari, Italy) </span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 2. RENAL REGENERATIVE MEDICINE: WHAT DID WE LEARN?</strong> • G. Faa, V. Fanos (Cagliari, Italy) </span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 3. TRANSLATIONAL POTENTIAL OF ESSENTIAL OILS AND NANOCARRIERS IN ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY: NOVEL STRATEGIES FROM FETAL TO ADULT LIFE</strong> • F. Mondello, M. Di Vito, M.L. Ricci (Rome, Italy) </span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 4. THE EUROPEAN LIFE MILCH PROJECT: WHERE DO WE STAND?</strong> • P. Palanza, V. Fanos, A.M. Papini, S. Perrone, T. Ghi, S. Paterlini, M.M. Brambilla, D. Baccolo, C. Scopa, A. Ardenghi, A.M. Shulhai, C. Caffarelli, F. Nuti, F. Fernandez, C. Sartori, F. Alberghi, B. Righi, M. Fontana, L. Filonzi, C. Petrolini, B. Piccolo, E. Turco, R. Pintus, C. Piras, S. Petza, A. Dessì, F. Nonnis Marzano, D. Ponzi, A. Pelosi, M.E. Street (Parma, Cagliari, Florence, and Reggio Emilia, Italy) </span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 5. METABOLOMICS AND NUTRITION</strong> • S. Alessandri (Rome, Italy) </span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 6. METABOLOMICS IN RHEUMATIC DISEASES</strong> • M. Valentini (Faenza, Italy) </span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 7. NEW APPROACHES IN AUTISM MANAGEMENT</strong> • M. Greco (Turin, Italy) </span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 8. METABOLIC DETERMINANTS IN FIBROMY­ALGIA SYNDROME STUDIED WITH THE EPIGENETIC METHOD</strong> • B. Pische, A. Scognamillo, G. Terziani, G. Fenu Pintori (Sassari and Brescia, Italy) </span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 9. METABOLOMICS AND MICROBIOMICS IN CLINICAL PRACTICE</strong> • C. Marzetti (Bologna, Italy ) </span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 10. THE EPIGENETIC REVOLUTION IN THE AGE OF POLLUTION: INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY TOWARDS FUTURE GENERATIONS</strong> • G. Terziani (Brescia, Italy) </span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 11. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: FRIEND OR FOE?</strong> • A. Colangelo (Trento, Italy)</span></p>

2025-10-24T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright (c) 2025 © Hygeia Press https://jpnim.com/index.php/jpnim/article/view/e140215 2025-10-24T18:41:23+02:00 --- Various Authors journal@jpnim.com

<p class="p1"><strong><span class="s1">Selected Lectures of the Round Table on “Antibiotic Resistance and Endocrine Disruptors”; Cagliari (Italy); October 25^th, 2025</span></strong></p> <p class="p1"> </p> <p class="p1">The Round Table on “Antibiotic Resistance and Endocrine Disruptors” is a Satellite Meeting of the 21^st International Workshop on Neonatology and Pediatrics, Cagliari (Italy), October 22^nd-25^th, 2025.</p> <p class="p1"> </p> <p class="p1"><strong>LECT 1. ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS (EDCs</strong>) • M.E. Street, A.M. Shulhai, P. Palanza (Parma, Italy)</p> <p class="p1"><strong>LECT 2. NEW ANTIMICROBIALS FOR EMERGING AND RE-EMERGING PATHOGENS</strong> • A. Scano (Cagliari, Italy)</p> <p class="p1"><strong>LECT 3. ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN INTENSIVE CARE</strong> • G. Finco, L. Congiu, M. Musu, S. Sardo (Cagliari, Italy)</p> <p class="p1"><strong>LECT 4. ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN NEONATAL IN­TENSIVE CARE</strong> • F. Zanco, M. Melis, V. Fanos (Cagliari, Italy)</p> <p class="p1"><strong>LECT 5. UNDERSTAFFING AND OVERCROWDING IN NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNITS</strong> • D. Pisano (Cagliari, Italy)</p> <p class="p1"><strong>LECT 6. ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN PEDIATRIC SURGICAL CARE: A NARRATIVE REVIEW INVESTIGATING AN EMERGING INVISIBLE SURGICAL CHALLENGE</strong> • B. Sanna, L. Mascia (Cagliari, Italy)</p> <p class="p1"><strong>LECT 7. ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN ANIMAL FARMING: THE ADVANTAGES OF ORGANIC FARMING</strong> • P. Armento (Sesto Fiorentino, Italy) </p>

2025-10-25T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright (c) 2025 © Hygeia Press https://jpnim.com/index.php/jpnim/article/view/e140216 2025-10-23T16:33:09+02:00 --- Various Authors journal@jpnim.com

<p class="p1"><strong><span class="s1">Selected Lectures of the Congress of Pediatrics; Cagliari (Italy); October 24^th, 2025</span></strong></p> <p class="p1"> </p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1">The Congress of Pediatrics is a Satellite Meeting of the 21^st International Workshop on Neonatology and Pediatrics, Cagliari (Italy), October 22^nd-25^th, 2025.</span></p> <p class="p1"> </p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 1. POLLUTION AND NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE</strong> • F. Mosca, A. Consales, P.M. Guerrieri (Milan, Italy)</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 2. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PEDIATRIC PNEUMO-ALLERGOLOGY</strong> • R. Castagnoli, A. Licari, G.L. Marseglia (Pavia, Italy)</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 3. HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE IS NOT JUST AN ADULT PROBLEM</strong> • F. De Luca (Catania, Italy) </span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 4. THE FAMILY PEDIATRICIAN AND THE FUTURE</strong> • A. D’Avino (Naples, Italy)</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 5. NEW FRONTIERS IN GENETICS</strong> • S. Giglio (Cagliari, Italy)</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 6. DIABETES SCREENING</strong> • C. Ripoli (Cagliari, Italy)</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 7. RARE DISEASES: ALPHA-MANNOSIDOSIS AND MORE</strong> • S. Savasta (Cagliari, Italy) </span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 8. CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE</strong> • P. Neroni, V. Fanos (Cagliari, Italy)</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 9. DO NEWBORNS FLY? FROM THE WINGS OF A STORK TO THE WINGS OF AN AIRPLANE</strong> • A. Atzei, R. Pirisino (Cagliari, </span><span class="s1">Italy)</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 10. SOCIAL MEDIA AND NUTRITION EDUCATION</strong> • A. Dessì (Cagliari, Italy)</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 11. NEONATAL SEIZURES</strong> • D. Pruna, M. Asunis, S. Cossu, M.S. Dettori, M. Chiaramida (Cagliari, Italy)</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 12. SLEEP AND EPILEPSY</strong> • L. Nobili, R. Cordani, M. Veneruso (Genoa, Italy)</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 13. DEVELOPMENTAL AND EPILEPTIC ENCEPHALOPATHIES: AN OVERVIEW </strong>• S. Grosso (Siena, Italy)</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 14. SYNDROMES WITH EPILEPSY</strong> • S. Savasta, F. Zanco, C. Giardino (Cagliari, Italy)</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 15. LONGITUDINAL ASSESSMENT OF NEURODEVELOPMENT</strong> • O. Al Jamal (Cagliari, Italy) </span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 16. SKIN, SUN EXPOSURE, PHOTOPROTECTION, AND RELATED DISEASES</strong> • G. Ruggiero (Salerno, Italy) </span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 17. PARENTAL STRESS IN NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE</strong> • E. Curridori (Cagliari, Italy)</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 18. COAGULATION DISORDERS IN THE NEWBORN</strong> • M. Luciani (Rome, Italy)</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 19. STREPTOCOCCAL PHARYNGITIS AND ITS RELATED ISSUES: WHAT’S NEW?</strong> • D. Peroni (Pisa, Italy)</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 20. BIOACTIVE NUTRITIONAL COMPONENTS IN PEDIATRICS</strong> • G. Trapani (Sanremo, Italy) </span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 21. SPORTOMICS: METABOLOMICS AND SPORT</strong> • V. Fanos (Cagliari, Italy)</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>LECT 22. EUROPEAN PROJECT “BETTER4U”: WHERE ARE WE NOW?</strong> • C. Piras (Cagliari, Italy)</span></p>

2025-10-23T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright (c) 2025 © Hygeia Press https://jpnim.com/index.php/jpnim/article/view/e140212 2025-10-22T16:42:45+02:00 --- Various Authors journal@jpnim.com

<p class="p1"><strong><span class="s1">Selected Lectures of the 21^st International Workshop on Neonatology and Pediatrics; Cagliari (Italy); October 23, 2025</span></strong></p> <p class="p1"><strong>EVOLUTION AND REVOLUTION IN NEONATOLOGY AND PEDIATRICS</strong></p> <p class="p1"> </p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1">The Workshop has been organized with the <strong>patronage</strong> of the Autonomous Region of Sardinia, City of Cagliari, Azienda Ospedaliera di Cagliari, University of Cagliari, Board of Physicians of the Province of Cagliari, Albanian-Italian Pediatric Society (AIPS), AMBO (<em>Alleanza per un Ambiente a misura di Bambino</em>: alliance for a child-friendly environment), Board of Directors of Italian Pediatrics Schools, European Project Better4u, European Project Life Milch, National Coordination of Heads of Pediatric Departments (CONAPP), Italian Federation of Family Pediatricians (FIMP), Italian-Arabian Pediatric Society (IAPS), Italian-Romanian Pediatric Society (IRPS), Italian-Swedish Cultural Association (ACIS), Norman Group of Neonatal and Pediatric Nephrology, International Academy of Perinatal Medicine (IAPM), Italian Society of Pediatric Allergology and Immunology (SIAIP), Italian Society of Clinical Biochemistry (SIBioC), Italian Society of Gynecology of Infancy and Adolescence (SIGIA), Italian Society of Neonatology (SIN), “SIPO in the World” Association, Italian Society of Pediatric Psychology (S.I.P.Ped.), Italian Society for Research on Essential Oils (SIROE), Italian Society of Neonatal Nursing (SIN INF), “<em>Pediatria Più</em>” Association, Italian Society of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (SI-DOHaD), Italian Society of Pediatricians (SIMPE).</span></p> <p class="p1"> </p> <p><strong>LECT 1. OBESITY, GESTATIONAL DIABETES AND NEONATAL OUTCOME</strong> • F. Facchinetti, D. Menichini, I. Neri (Modena, Italy)</p> <p><strong>LECT 2. ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES (ART): A NEW PLAYER IN THE FETAL PROGRAMMING OF CHILDHOOD AND ADULT DISEASES?</strong> • G. Faa, M. Manchia, P. Paribello, V. Fanos (Cagliari, Italy; Philadelphia, PA, USA; Halifax, Canada)</p> <p><strong>LECT 3. PREVENTION OF RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS (RSV) INFECTION: STATE OF THE ART</strong> • M. Agosti (Varese, Italy)</p> <p><strong>LECT 4. THE NEONATAL NEPHROLOGY STUDY GROUP (GSNN) OF THE ITALIAN SOCIETY OF NEONATOLOGY (SIN): 40 YEARS OF ACTIVITY (1986-2025)</strong> • L. Cataldi, E. Salvaggio†, R. Agostiniani, A. Coscia, V. Fanos, R. Galiano, R. Longo, R. Lubrano, G. Montini, C. Pecoraro, S. Perrone, G. Romeo†, N. Romeo, V. Rosella, I. Salemi, D. Cattarelli, I. Guzzo, M. Sinelli, F. Torcasio, G. Villani, S. Vitale (Italy)</p> <p><strong>LECT 5. WHAT ROLE DOES LUNG ULTRASOUND PLAY IN THE NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT?</strong> • D.U. De Rose, F. Calzolari, C. Maddaloni, L. Martini, I. Capolupo, A. Dotta (Rome, Italy)</p> <p><strong>LECT 6. DECODING NEONATAL ELECTROCARDI­OGRAPHY: FROM ARRHYTHMIAS TO CON­GENITAL HEART DISEASE</strong> • F. De Luca (Catania, Italy)</p> <p><strong>LECT 7. PLASTIC BRAIN OR PLASTICS IN THE BRAIN?</strong> • A. Ragusa (Sassuolo, Italy)</p> <p><strong>LECT 8. OPTIMIZING RENAL PROGNOSIS: 35 YEARS OF CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT OF FETAL-DIAGNOSED CONGENITAL ANOMALIES OF THE KIDNEY AND URINARY TRACT (CAKUT)</strong> • V. Manca, F. Zurrida, E. Flore, M. Balzarini, G.M. Cortes, G. Masnata (Cagliari, Italy)</p> <p><strong>LECT 9. ETHICAL PROBLEMS IN NEONATOLOGY</strong> • E. d’Aloja (Cagliari, Italy)</p> <p><strong>LECT 10. BEYOND THE FACE MASK: INTEGRATING SUPRAGLOTTIC AIRWAYS IN THE NEONATAL-PEDIATRIC AIRWAY CARE SETTINGS. EVI­DENCE, ANAESTHESIOLOGY-GRADE PRAC­TICE, AND AN IMPLEMENTATION PLAN</strong> • U. Di Dedda (Milan, Italy)</p> <p><strong>LECT 11. SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF PREMEDICATION BEFORE ELECTIVE INTUBATION IN NEONATES</strong> • G. Mitsiakos (Thessaloniki, Greece)</p> <p><strong>LECT 12. NEONATAL BRAIN INJURY: WHEN IT STARTS AND POSSIBLE OUTCOMES</strong> • A. Sofijanova (Skopje, North Macedonia)</p> <p><strong>LECT 13. PREMATURITY IN ALBANIA</strong> • A. Hoxha (Qosja) (Tirana, Albania)</p> <p><strong>LECT 14. RARE DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH CON­GENITAL HEART DISEASE – CASE BY CASE</strong> • R. Bejiqi, A. Maloku, A. Mustafa, A. Keka, B. Bejiqi, R. Bejiqi (Gjakova, Republic of Kosovo; San Antonio, TX, USA)</p> <p><strong>LECT 15. THE RIGHT TO LIFE OF INFANTS BEFORE AND AFTER BIRTH IN THE REGIONS OF KYRGYZSTAN</strong> • A.A. Askerov, D.M. Tashmamatova, G.K. Zhalieva, B.K. Amanatov (Bishkek, Osh, and Chui Region, Kyrgyz Republic)</p> <p><strong>LECT 16. BIRTH RATE AND BIRTHPLACE</strong> • S. Rugolotto (Rovigo, Italy)</p> <p><strong>LECT 17. THE OLD AND NEW FRONTIERS OF VITAMIN D</strong> • D. Peroni (Pisa, Italy)</p> <p><strong>LECT 18. ADVANCED NONINVASIVE VENTILATION IN TERM AND PRETERM INFANTS</strong> • P. Biban, L. Cannavò, I. Miccichè, M. Capogna, S. Agnolin, F. Sacco (Verona, Italy)</p> <p><strong>LECT 19. CHILDREN WITH SLEEP DISORDERS: FROM PAST TO METABOLOMICS</strong> • M.P. Villa (Rome, Italy)</p> <p><strong>LECT 20. MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH CARE SERVICES IN ALBANIA</strong> • G. Kuli-Lito, M. Bukli, G. Bejtja (Tirana, Albania)</p>

2025-10-22T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright (c) 2025 © Hygeia Press https://jpnim.com/index.php/jpnim/article/view/e140213 2025-10-21T22:11:13+02:00 --- Various Authors journal@jpnim.com

<p class="p1"><strong>Selected Lectures of the International Laboratory Meeting; Cagliari (Italy); October 22^nd, 2025</strong></p> <p class="p1"> </p> <p class="p1">The International Laboratory Meeting, titled “<strong>Neurodegenerative and neurode­velopmental diseases: the hidden line connecting infancy with aging</strong>”, is a Satellite Meeting of the 21^st International Workshop on Neonatology and Pediatrics, Cagliari (Italy), October 22^nd-25^th, 2025.</p> <p class="p2"> </p> <p><strong>LECT 1. EPIGENETICS AND NEURODEVELOPMENT: FROM PRECONCEPTION TO ADOLESCENCE</strong> • G. Biggio, M.C. Mostallino (Cagliari, Italy)</p> <p><strong>LECT 2. THE ROLE OF BLOOD BIOMARKERS FOR NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES</strong> • M. Mussap (Venice, Italy)</p> <p><strong>LECT 3. THINKING FORWARD: THE ROLE OF METABOLOMICS FOR BRAIN HEALTH AND DISEASE</strong> • A. Noto (Cagliari, Italy)</p> <p><strong>LECT 4. BUILDING RESILIENCE THROUGH EXPERIENCE. THE CONCEPT OF COGNITIVE RESERVE</strong> • G. Arcara (Venice, Italy)</p> <p><strong>LECT 5. NEUROFILAMENTS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF BRAIN INFLAMMATION AND NEURONAL DAMAGE</strong> • B. Niccoletti, M. Moretti (Ancona, Italy)</p>

2025-10-22T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright (c) 2025 © Hygeia Press https://jpnim.com/index.php/jpnim/article/view/e140214 2025-10-21T21:59:28+02:00 --- Various Authors journal@jpnim.com

<p class="p1"><strong>Selected Lectures of the Meeting “Autism and the code of omics sciences”; Cagliari (Italy); October 22^nd, 2025</strong></p> <p class="p2"> </p> <p class="p1">The Meeting “Autism and the code of omics sciences” is a Satellite Meeting of the 21^st International Workshop on Neonatology and Pediatrics, Cagliari (Italy), October 22^nd-25^th, 2025.</p> <p class="p2"> </p> <p class="p1"><strong>LECT 1. CRACKING THE METABOLIC CODE: METABOLOMICS AS THE KEY TO INTERPRETATION</strong> • A. Noto (Cagliari, Italy)</p> <p class="p1"><strong>LECT 2. NEW FRONTIERS OF PRECISION MEDICINE IN PEDIATRIC HEALTH: NUTRIMETABOLOMICS</strong> • A. Bosco (Cagliari, Italy)</p> <p class="p1"><strong>LECT 3. FOODOMICS: THE HIDDEN LANGUAGE OF FOOD FOR OUR HEALTH</strong> • F. Cesare Marincola (Cagliari, Italy)</p> <p class="p1"><strong>LECT 4. THE “<em>INSIEME</em> ” PROJECT</strong> • G. Pili (Sanremo, Italy)</p>

2025-10-21T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright (c) 2025 © Hygeia Press https://jpnim.com/index.php/jpnim/article/view/e140209 2025-08-25T22:06:42+02:00 --- Various Authors journal@jpnim.com

<p class="p1"><strong><span class="s1">Selected Abstracts of the 10^th Panhellenic Congress of Neonatology; Athens (Greece); May 23^rd-25^th, 2025</span></strong></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1">The Congress has been organized by the Hellenic Neonatal Society.</span></p> <p class="p1"><strong>ABS 1. GLOBAL PATTERNS IN THE USE OF ANTI-VEGF THERAPY FOR RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY (ROP) • </strong>N. Kozeis, M. Tzitiridou, A. Kozei, M. Triantafylla, C. Tsenikoglou, E. Panagiotou, S. Tyradellis (<span class="s1">Thessaloniki and Ptolemaida</span><span class="s2">, </span><span class="s1">Greece, and</span><span class="s1"> Cleveland, Ohio, USA)</span></p> <p class="p1"><strong>ABS 2. HEMATOLOGICAL BLOOD COUNT MARKERS ON THE FIRST DAY OF LIFE IN PRETERM NEONATES WITH GESTATIONAL AGE &lt; 32 WEEKS • </strong>S. Dimoudi, A. Nouli, K. Petraki, N. Alchatzi, A. Stamouli, Ch. Mitsiakou, D. Gialampriou, C. Tsakalidis, G. Mitsiakos (<span class="s1">Thessaloniki, Greece)</span></p> <p class="p1"><strong>ABS 3. HEMATOLOGICAL DISORDERS IN NEWBORNS WITH DOWN SYNDROME: DESCRIPTION OF TWO CASE REPORTS • </strong>A. Papadopoulou, M. Seiranidou, I. Kotsios, A. Martinopoulou, E. Papakonstantinou, M. Sterpi (Thessaloniki, Greece)</p> <p class="p1"><strong>ABS 4. RETINAL BLOOD FLOW IN RELATION TO AGE AND WEIGHT IN INFANTS AT RISK FOR RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY • </strong>N. Kozeis, M. Tzitiridou, A. Kozei, M. Triantafylla, C. Tsenikoglou, E. Panagiotou, L. Pantsios, S. Tyradellis (<span class="s1">Thessaloniki and Ptolemaida</span><span class="s2">, </span><span class="s1">Greece, and</span><span class="s1"> Cleveland, Ohio, USA)</span></p> <p class="p1"><strong>ABS 5. CASE REPORT OF A NEWBORN WITH AORTIC ARCH ANOMALY AND MULTIPLE HEMANGIOMAS • </strong>A. Papadopoulou, A. Martinopoulou, M. Seiranidou, M. Kavga, C. Antahopoulos, M. Sterpi (Thessaloniki, Greece)</p> <p class="p1"><strong>ABS 6. COMPARISON OF FETAL CROWN-RUMP </strong><span class="s1"><strong>LENGTH MEASUREMENTS IN IVF/ICSI PREGNANCIES FOLLOWING FROZEN-THAWED </strong></span><strong>VERSUS FRESH EMBRYO TRANSFER AND CORRELATION WITH NEONATAL BIRTHWEIGHT • </strong>E. Gkiougki, I. Tsakiridis, K. Mitta, A. Mamopoulos, I. Kalogiannidis, T. Dagklis, A. Athanasiadis (Ettelbruck, Luxembourg, and Thessaloniki, Greece)</p> <p class="p1"><span class="s2"><strong>ABS 7. MUSIC AND MUSIC THERAPY DURING PHYSIO</strong></span><strong>THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTION IN INFANTS WITH PREMATURITY, DEVELOPMENTAL DIS­ORDERS OR OTHER CONDITIONS: A LITERATURE REVIEW • </strong>A. Drogala, P. Drogalas, L. Stamou (Thessaloniki, Greece)</p> <p class="p1"><strong>ABS 8. AN INTERESTING CASE OF A NEONATE WITH RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS • </strong>D. Tsiantouka, C. Kartsiounis, E. Papaioannou, A. Pavlaki, V. Papadopoulou, M. Sterpi (Thessaloniki, Greece)</p> <p class="p1"><strong>ABS 9. HUMAN BREAST MILK miRNAs: IS MATERNAL OBESITY AFFECTING BREASTFEEDING CHILDREN IN OBESITY DEVELOPMENT? • </strong>M. Chondrogianni, M. Lithoxopoulou, A Lampropoulos, A Ververi (Thessaloniki, Greece)</p> <p class="p1"><span class="s2"><strong>ABS 10. LUNG ULTRASOUND VS CHEST RADIOGRAPHY </strong></span><strong>DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF NEONATE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME IN THE NICU • </strong>A. Moutafi, M. Diamantopoulou, P. Markopoulou, M.I. Apostolou, K. Katechi (Athens, Greece)</p> <p class="p1"><strong>ABS 11. DESCRIPTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF PRETERM NEONATES OF GESTATIONAL AGE &lt; 32 WEEKS AND THROMBOCYTOPENIA • </strong>S. Dimoudi, A. Nouli, K. Petraki, N. Alchatzi, A. Stamouli, Ch. Mitsiakou, D. Gialamprinou, Ch. Tsakalidis, G. Mitsiakos (Thessaloniki, Greece)</p>

2025-08-28T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright (c) 2025 © Hygeia Press https://jpnim.com/index.php/jpnim/article/view/e140201 2025-03-19T10:20:19+01:00 Kaouther Nasri nasrikaouther512@gmail.com

<p class="p1">Neural tube defects (NTDs) are common significant congenital malformations caused by very early disruptions in the development of the brain and spinal cord. They are caused by a neurulation failure, which happens about the 28^th day after conception. Folates and vitamin B12 (vitB12) deficiencies, as well as hyperhomocysteinemia and <em>MTHFR</em> C677T polymorphism, are the common risk factors studied for the occurrence of these birth defects. In this study, we reported the roles of folates, vitB12, homocysteine, <em>MTHFR</em> gene and their relation with the appearance of NTDs. We also discuss prevention strategies, such as food fortification with folic acid, to encourage developing countries to adopt these recommendations in order to prevent these birth defects in subsequent pregnancies.</p>

2025-08-19T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright (c) 2025 © Hygeia Press https://jpnim.com/index.php/jpnim/article/view/e140208 2025-04-21T09:53:19+02:00 Shafiqa Alsharif halshrif@kau.edu.sa

<p class="p1"><strong>Background:</strong> Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)-related vomiting is a frequent cause of Emergency Department (ED) visits in infants; however, its role in brief resolved unexplained events (BRUE) remains unclear. Dis­tinguishing physiological reflux from GERD-induced BRUE is challenging because descriptions of vomiting are often vague. This study examined the association between vomiting and BRUE, identified potential risk factors, and assessed whether vomiting requires further clinical evaluation.</p> <p class="p1"><strong>Methods:</strong> This retrospective cohort study evaluated 147 infants under 1 year of age who presented with vomiting at the Pediatric ED of our University Hospital between 2018 and 2019. The data included demographics, clinical symptoms, vomiting characteristics, and final diagnoses. In addition to the primary analysis, a secondary analysis was conducted specifically on infants diagnosed with BRUE based on clinical presentation.</p> <p class="p1"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 147 infants with vomiting were included in the study, with a mean age of 6.19 ± 3.15 months. The majority were boys (60%), 25 (17%) left without being seen, and 122 (83%) underwent a full evaluation. Vomiting was often accompanied by fever (23%), apnea (3%), color change (5%), and altered level of consciousness (4%). Most infants were discharged (59%); 23 (16%) were admitted to the Pediatric Medical Ward, and 12 (8%) required Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) admission. Among the 13 infants with BRUE (9%), 10 (77%) had comorbidities, 6 (46%) <span class="s1">were admitted to the Pediatric Medical Ward, and 4 (31%) required PICU admission</span>. The most common BRUE diagnoses were gastritis (31%), bronchopneumonia (23%), and sepsis (23%).</p> <p class="p1"><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Infants with vomiting should be carefully assessed for BRUE, particularly in the presence of other significant symptoms. Accurate event description is crucial for diagnosis. Larger studies are needed to optimize management, improve outcomes, and reduce unnecessary hospital admissions.</p>

2025-10-28T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2025 © Hygeia Press https://jpnim.com/index.php/jpnim/article/view/e140207 2024-08-19T14:03:20+02:00 Aniedi U. Dick aniedick2006@gmail.com Olayinka R. Eyelade dryinka@yahoo.com Olusola K. Idowu zolaspecky@yahoo.com

<p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>Background: </strong>Simple fractures and joint dislocations recruited for this study are among the painful procedures managed in the Emergency Room setting in children. Successful management requires adequate sedation for the relief of anxiety and analgesia for pain relief.</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the sedative and analgesic effects of fentanyl/midazolam (F/M) and ketamine/midazolam (K/M) combination during paediatric day-case orthopaedic procedures.</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>Methodology: </strong>A prospective randomized double-blind trial that involved 70 paediatric patients aged 5-12 years requiring orthopaedic procedures. The patients were randomized into two groups of 35 each. The F/M group received an intravenous (IV) bolus of fentanyl 0.5 </span><span class="s2">μ</span><span class="s1">g/kg while the K/M group received an IV bolus of ketamine 0.5 mg/kg. The outcomes were procedural distress and anxiety from the Observational Scale of Behavioural Distress revised (OSBD-r) score, depth of sedation during and up to 120 minutes after the procedure using the Ramsay Sedation Scale (RSS), and pre-sedation and post-procedure pain scores up to 120 minutes after the procedure according to the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale (WBFPS) for children within the age range of 5-7 years and the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for children within the age range of 8-12 years.</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>Results: </strong>The proportion of children with severe pain was 75.3% in the F/M group compared with 68.6% in the K/M group, which occurred at baseline. Depth of sedation at baseline, every 5 minutes up to 25 minutes during the procedure and at 60 and 90 minutes post-procedure was similar. However, a significant difference was found at 30 minutes post-procedure: 12 (34.3%) K/M subjects achieved an RSS score of 1 compared to 3 (8.6%) in the F/M group, while 32 (91.4%) in the F/M group achieved an RSS of 2 compared to 21 (60.0%) among K/M subjects. During the procedure, there was a significantly lower level of OSBD-r score among K/M subjects compared with F/M subjects. No statistically significant differences were found in WBFPS and NRS scores.</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>Conclusion: </strong>K/M achieved better sedation and pain relief than F/M.</span></p>

2025-08-13T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright (c) 2025 © Hygeia Press https://jpnim.com/index.php/jpnim/article/view/e140203 2025-05-26T19:39:06+02:00 Shrouk Moataz Abdallah shroukmoataz14@gmail.com Hannah Mohamed Aboulghar haboulghar@gmail.com Hend Mehawed Abdel Latif Soliman ziad.alaa@yahoo.com Radwa Marawan Abdel Halim radwa.marawan@kasralainy.edu.eg Marwa Ahmed Sedkey marwasedkey2013@gmail.com

<p class="p1"><strong>Introduction: </strong>Childhood obesity often results in insulin resistance (IR) and may cause type 2 diabetes. Fibers are described as a dietary intervention controlling hyperglycemia; however, their effect on obese children is understudied.</p> <p class="p1"><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the effect of fiber supplementation on IR in obese children.</p> <p class="p1"><strong>Methods:</strong> A randomized controlled trial was carried out at Cairo University Children’s Hospital (Cairo, Egypt), including 123 obese children aged 6-13 years. Two-step double blind randomization using sealed envelopes was done. Step 1: randomization into an intervention group (82 subjects) and control group (41 subjects). Step 2: randomization of the intervention group for either receiving 10 g/day of powdered psyllium or a high fiber diet. Fasting insulin, glucose, C-peptide and homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) were measured at baseline and after 8 weeks for all participants.</p> <p class="p1"><strong>Results: </strong>Fasting glucose, insulin, C-peptide and HOMA-IR were significantly reduced with psyllium (p &lt; 0.001 for all) and natural fibers (p = 0.001, &lt; 0.001, &lt; 0.001 and &lt; 0.001 respectively), while they were increased in the control group (p = 0.09, 0.006, 0.015 and &lt; 0.001 respectively). The median percent of change from baseline for HOMA-IR was -26.47% and -42.55% compared to +9.38% for the natural fiber group, psyllium group and controls respectively. Psyllium induced better HOMA-IR profiles as compared to the other 2 groups (p &lt; 0.001). Both interventions similarly reduced BMI and waist for height z-scores compared to the control group. We report no serious side effects of psyllium; however, unpalatability was a frequent complaint (40.5%).</p> <p class="p1"><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both psyllium and natural fibers improved IR in obese children but this improvement was more pronounced in the psyllium group.</p>

2025-08-23T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright (c) 2025 © Hygeia Press https://jpnim.com/index.php/jpnim/article/view/e140202 2025-04-23T11:35:32+02:00 Martina Spada martina.spada@unica.it Antonio Noto antonio.noto@unica.it Cristina Piras cristina.piras@unica.it Giulia Diana giulia_diana@tiscali.it Giulia Paci giuliapeace94@gmail.com Valentina Vincis valentina.vincis@hotmail.it Karolina Krystyna Kopeć k.kopec@studenti.unica.it Michele Mussap mumike153@gmail.com Vassilios Fanos vafanos@tiscali.it Luigi Atzori latzori@unica.it Maurizio Zanda mauriziozanda@aob.it

<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (<em>CFTR</em>) gene. The CFTR protein acts as an ion channel, and its deficiency results in an increased density and viscosity of secretion. CF shows high phenotypic variability because of the intervention of genetic and environmental factors. In this context, metabolomics is a useful tool to identify clinical biomarkers. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ¹H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-NMR) were used to study urine samples of 35 patients affected by CF with different genotypes F508del/F508del, T338I/T338I, and F508del/T338I, respectively. The multivariate statistical analysis allowed the separation of the samples based on the metabolomics profile. A good separation between F508del/F508del vs. T338I/T338I genotypes, and F508del/F508del vs. F508del/T338I genotypes were observed. Moreover, the comparison between the two groups T338I/T338I vs. F508del/T338I did not highlight significant differences. The variables of importance responsible for the separation were sugars, organic acids, amino acids, and polyols. Metabolomic analysis has proven to be a useful tool to discriminate among the different subclasses of CF, mirroring the complexity of the pathological condition. The present study represents a starting point for better understanding physiopathological changes and identifying new clinical biomarkers.</span></p>

2025-09-03T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright (c) 2025 © Hygeia Press