@article{Marcialis_Dessì_Irmesi_Marinelli_Pintus_2014, place={Quartu Sant’Elena (CA, Italy)}, title={New light on white matter damage of the premature brain: a neonatologist’s point of view}, volume={3}, url={https://jpnim.com/index.php/jpnim/article/view/030237}, DOI={10.7363/030237}, abstractNote={<p>Periventricular leucomalacia (PVL) is traditionally considered a multifactorial lesion related to three main mechanisms: ischemia, inflammation and excitotoxicity. For years it was believed that hypoperfusion, associated with the peculiar vascular anatomy of the premature brain (border zones), was the <em>conditio sine qua non</em> in the pathogenesis of PVL. More recently this theory has been questioned. Many studies have stressed the importance of the association between inflammation/infection and white matter injury and have supported the multi hit hypothesis according to which several (genetic, hormonal, immune and nutritional) factors may team up in a multi-hit fashion. The emerging concept is that the fetal white cell activation together with the interaction between the innate and adaptive immune system play a main role in white matter damage. Currently there are increasing evidence that PVL is a disease of connectivity. In this article we review the news in the basics of pathogenesis, the incidence, the definition and the diagnosis of PVL. Furthermore, recent follow-up studies and neuroprotective therapies are mentioned.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Proceedings of the International Course on Perinatal Pathology (part of the 10</strong><span><strong><sup>th</sup></strong></span><strong> International Workshop on Neonatology · October 22</strong><span><strong><sup>nd</sup></strong></span><strong>-25</strong><span><strong><sup>th</sup></strong></span><strong>, 2014) · Cagliari (Italy) · October 25</strong><span><strong><sup>th</sup></strong></span><strong>, 2014 · <em>The role of the clinical pathological dialogue in problem solving</em></strong></p> <p><strong>Guest Editors: Gavino Faa, Vassilios Fanos, Peter Van Eyken</strong></p>}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Pediatric and Neonatal Individualized Medicine (JPNIM)}, author={Marcialis, Maria Antonietta and Dessì, Angelica and Irmesi, Roberta and Marinelli, Viviana and Pintus, Maria Cristina}, year={2014}, month={Oct.}, pages={e030237} }